API RP 571:2011

This recommended practice provides general guidance as to the most likely damage mechanisms affecting common alloys used in the refining and petrochemical industry and is intended to introduce the concepts of service-induced deterioration and failure modes. These guidelines provide information that can be utilized by plant inspection personnel to assist in identifying likely causes of damage; to assist with the development of inspection strategies; to help identify monitoring programs to ensure equipment integrity. The summary provided for each damage mechanism provides the fundamental information required for an FFS assessment performed in accordance with API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 or an RBI study performed in accordance with API RP 580. The damage mechanisms in this recommended practice cover situations encountered in the refining and petrochemical industry in pressure vessels, piping, and tankage. The damage mechanism descriptions are not intended to provide a definitive guideline for every possible situation that may be encountered, and the reader may need to consult with an engineer familiar with applicable degradation modes and failure mechanisms, particularly those that apply in special cases. This document incorporates information gathered from major incidents in the refining industry and is intended to be consistent with applicable API documents as well as other related best-industry standards and practices. It is intended to provide guidance to inspection personnel but should not be considered the final technical basis for damage mechanism assessment and analysis.